Types of brakes

According to the actuation:

1. Mechanical brakes:

In this brakes the brake force is applied mechanically used where we needed small force to braking. This brakes are used in the small vehicle such as in scooters, bikes etc where small braking force is needed. 

2. Hydraulic brakes:

In the hydraulic brakes, brake force is applied by the hydraulic oil. It is one of the most useful and reliable braking system. This brakes is used in most of passenger cars.

3. Electric brakes:

In this braking system magnetic effect of electricity is used to applied the braking force. The braking piston and the disk are connected to the electricity. When we want to apply brake, we start the electricity, which create magnetic effect between brake pad and the disk. So the brake is applied. 

4. Air brakes:

In the air brakes, air pressure is used to the generate the braking force. This braking system is used in heavy load vehicle i.e. trucks, bus etc. 

5. Vacuum brakes:

These brakes used vacuum to apply the force on brake pads. This is the one of the most powerful braking system. This brake is used in the big and heavy vehicle i.e. train, heavy ships etc. 
reference:www.mech4study.blogspot.com