Steering Geomentry

The steering Geometry includes
1. Caster angle
2. Camber angle
3. King-pin inclination
4. toe-in
5. toe-out etc.,
Caster Angle: This is the angle between backward or forward tilting of the
king pin from the vertical axis at the top. This is about 2º to 4º. The backward
tilt is called as positive caster. The forward tilt is called negative caster.

Camber: The angle between wheel axis to the vertical line at the top is

called camber angle. It is approximately ½º to 2º.

King-pin inclination: It is the angle between vertical line to the king pin axis.

The inclination tends to keep wheels straight ahead and make the wheels to

get return to the straight position after completion of a turn. The inclination is

normally kept 7º to 8º.

Toe-in: It is the amount in minimum at the front part of the wheel points

inwards approximately 3 to 5 mm. It prevents side slipping excessive tyre

wear, proper rolling of front wheels and steering stability.

Toe-out: 

 The slight forward divergence that the front wheels of an automobileundergo during forward motion, especially in turns.